Lithium-ion batteries are superior to lead-acid batteries in a number of ways, and here are seven of the main reasons why:
Energy density
The energy density of lithium-ion batteries is much higher than that of lead-acid batteries. On a mass basis, lithium-ion batteries have an energy density of 150-200 Wh/kg, while lead-acid batteries typically have an energy density of only 30-50 Wh/kg. This means that lead-acid batteries weigh 3-5 times more than lithium-ion batteries for the same capacity.
Open circuit voltage
The open circuit voltage is the terminal voltage of the battery when it is disconnected. Li-ion batteries have a higher open-circuit voltage, with a Li-ion battery cell typically having an open-circuit voltage between 3.3 and 4.2V, while a lead-acid battery cell typically has an open-circuit voltage between 2.0 and 2.2V. This allows lithium-ion batteries to provide a higher output voltage.
Cycle life
Lithium-ion batteries typically have a longer cycle life than lead-acid batteries. Under proper charging and discharging conditions, lithium-ion batteries can have a cycle life of thousands or even tens of thousands of cycles, while lead-acid batteries typically have a cycle life of only a few hundred cycles.
Charging speed
Lithium-ion batteries have a faster charging speed and can be fully charged in a shorter period of time using high rate charging technology. Lead-acid batteries, on the other hand, are slower to charge and require longer charging times.
Environmentally friendly
Lead-acid batteries contain a large amount of lead, which is released into the environment in different forms, such as lead dust, lead fumes, spent electrolyte, etc., during the production, use and disposal of batteries. These lead-containing substances, if not handled properly, can lead to lead pollution of soil, water and air. The electrolyte in lead-acid batteries also contains strong acids such as sulfuric acid, which, if leaked or improperly disposed of, can lead to the pollution of soil and water sources by acidic spent electrolyte.
The production process of lithium-ion batteries is virtually pollution-free. At the same time, considering the economic value of nickel, copper and cobalt, lithium-ion batteries have a high recycling value.
Weight and size
With the same capacity, lithium-ion batteries weigh only one-half as much as lead-acid batteries. This is due to the difference in energy density between lithium-ion and lead-acid batteries. Lithium-ion batteries have a higher energy density, which means they can store more power at the same weight.
Maintenance free
Lithium-ion batteries are easier to maintain than lead-acid batteries. Lithium-ion batteries have no memory effect and can be charged and discharged at any time without special maintenance and care. Non-sealed lead-acid batteries require regular hydration to stabilize battery performance, while lithium-ion batteries have no such need.
